Fluorescent Protein Guide: FRET荧光共振能量转移质粒载体 BioVector NTCC质粒载体菌种细胞基因保藏中心

Fluorescent Protein Guide: FRET荧光共振能量转移质粒载体<br/></br>Fluorescent Protein Guide: FRET荧光共振能量转移质粒载体-BioVector NTCC Inc.</br></br>Background

Förster resonance energy transfer, or FRET, is a process by which energy is non-radiatively transferred from an excited donor fluorophore to an acceptor. Since the transfer of energy does not occur by emission of a photon, the acceptor molecule is not required to be fluorescent. A variety of organic dyes and fluorescent proteins have been developed for use as donor and acceptor pairs in FRET experiments. The efficiency of the energy transfer is measured using fluorescence microscopy by exciting the donor and measuring the emission of the acceptor.</br>For a given donor-acceptor pair, the FRET efficiency strongly depends on the distance between the donor and acceptor molecules and can therefore be used to calculate the distances between the donor and acceptor. FRET is often used to study (1) protein-protein interactions where each protein is separately fused to a donor or acceptor molecule (also referred to as intermolecular or bimolecular FRET) or (2) conformational changes within a protein where the donor and acceptor are both fused to the same protein (also referred to as intramolecular or unimolecular FRET). Fluorescent proteins can be used as donor and/or acceptor molecules in either of these types of studies</br>BioVector has a collection of plasmids suitable for creating individual fluorescently tagged proteins to study protein-protein interactions and a series of FRET standards.</br>Pre-constructed fluorescent biosensors targeting small molecules or specific genes are also available. Custom biosensors can also be constructed using the cpFRET kit from the Pertz laboratory.</br>Empty Vectors Encoding Fluorescent Proteins for FRET

The following plasmids can be used to create a fluorescent fusion protein with your gene of interest and the listed fluorescent protein.</br>Plasmid Color Expression Description

pPROEX Aqua Cyan Bacterial Expresses Aquamarine with N-terminal His tag

pAquaN1 Cyan Mammalian Expresses mammalian optimized Aquamarine

mCerulean N1 Cyan Mammalian Express a gene of interest fused to the N-terminus of monomeric Cerulean

mCerulean C1 Cyan Mammalian Express a gene of interest fused to the C-terminus of monomeric Cerulean

mTurquoise2 Cyan Mammalian Constructs to target mTurquoise2 to various subcellular compartments

pCEP4CyPet-MAMM Cyan Mammalian Expresses mammalian optimized CyPet

pCyPet-His Cyan Bacterial Expresses CyPet with C-terminal His tag

SCFP3A Cyan Mammalian Express a gene of interest fused to the C-terminus of SCFP3A

Amber N1 Yellow Mammalian Express a gene of interest fused to the N-terminus of Amber

Amber C1 Yellow Mammalian Express a gene of interest fused to the C-terminus of Amber

mVenus N1 Yellow Mammalian Express a gene of interest fused to the N-terminus of monomeric Venus

mVenus C1 Yellow Mammalian Express a gene of interest fused to the C-terminus of monomeric Venus

pCEP4YPet-MAMM Yellow Mammalian Expresses mammalian optimized YPet

pYPet-His Yellow Bacterial Expresses YPet with C-terminal His tag

SYFP2 Yellow Mammalian Express a gene of interest fused to the C-terminus of SYFP2

Clover Green Mammalian Expresses Clover (a GFP variant) commonly used with mRuby2

pLSSmOrange-N1 Orange Mammalian Express a gene of interest fused to the N-terminus of LSSmOrange

pLSSmOrange-C1 Orange Mammalian Express a gene of interest fused to the C-terminus of LSSmOrange

mRuby2 Red Mammalian Expresses mRuby2 (a RFP variant) commonly used with Clover

pGWF1 Cyan & Yellow Bacterial Gateway-compatible vector to express a gene of interest fused between ECFP and Venus

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FRET Reference Standards

The following plasmids have well-characterized FRET efficiency values and were developed to be used as FRET standards to calibrate the numerous and disparate methods used to measure FRET.</br>Plasmid FRET Pair

C5V Cerulean attached to Venus via a 5 amino acid linker

C17V Cerulean attached to Venus via a 17 amino acid linker

C32V Cerulean attached to Venus via a 32 amino acid linker

C5A Cerulean attached to Amber via a 5 amino acid linker

C17A Cerulean attached to Amber via a 17 amino acid linker

C32A Cerulean attached to Amber via a 32 amino acid linker

mGFP-10-sREACh-N3 Monomeric EGFP attached to super-REACh via a 10 amino acid linker

ACA Heterotrimeric construct consisting of Amber-5aa linker-Cerulean-6aa linker-Amber

ACV Heterotrimeric construct consisting of Amber-5aa linker-Cerulean-6aa linker-Venus

VCA Heterotrimeric construct consisting of Venus-5aa linker-Cerulean-6aa linker-Amber

VCV Heterotrimeric construct consisting of Venus-5aa linker-Cerulean-6aa linker-Venus

ACAV Heterotetrameric construct consisting of Amber-5aa linker-Cerulean-5aa linker-Amber-6aa linker-Venus

ACVA Heterotetrameric construct consisting of Amber-5aa linker-Cerulean-5aa linker-Venus-6aa linker-Amber

VCAA Heterotetrameric construct consisting of Venus-5aa linker-Cerulean-5aa linker-Amber-6aa linker-Amber

VCVV Heterotetrameric construct consisting of Venus-5aa linker-Cerulean-5aa linker-Venus-6aa linker-Venus

V5V Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of two Venus fluorescent proteins connected via a 5 amino acid linker

V17V Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of two Venus fluorescent proteins connected via a 17 amino acid linker

V32V Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of two Venus fluorescent proteins connected via a 32 amino acid linker

VVV Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of three Venus fluorescent proteins connected via a 5 and 6 amino acid linker, respectively

VVVV Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of four Venus fluorescent proteins connected via a 5, 5 and 6 amino acid linker, respectively

VVVVV Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of five Venus fluorescent proteins connected via 5 amino acid linkers

VVVVVV Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of six Venus fluorescent proteins connected via 5 amino acid linkers

pET28CLY1 Peptide linker standard consisting of ECFP and EYFP connected by 1 flexible glycine- and serine-containing peptide linker (GGSGGS) repeat

pET28CLY2 Peptide linker standard consisting of ECFP and EYFP connected by 2 GGSGGS repeats

pET28CLY3 Peptide linker standard consisting of ECFP and EYFP connected by 3 GGSGGS repeats

pET28CLY4 Peptide linker standard consisting of ECFP and EYFP connected by 4 GGSGGS repeats

pET28CLY5 Peptide linker standard consisting of ECFP and EYFP connected by 5 GGSGGS repeats

pET28CLY6 Peptide linker standard consisting of ECFP and EYFP connected by 6 GGSGGS repeats

pET28CLY7 Peptide linker standard consisting of ECFP and EYFP connected by 7 GGSGGS repeats

pET28CLY8 Peptide linker standard consisting of ECFP and EYFP connected by 8 GGSGGS repeats

pET28CLY9 Peptide linker standard consisting of ECFP and EYFP connected by 9 GGSGGS repeats

pmVenus(L68V)-mTurquoise2 Brightness standard used as positive control to characterize mTurquoise2

pmTurquoise2-T2A-Venus(L68V) Brightness standard used a negative control (no FRET) with pmVenus(L68V)-mTurquoise2

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